Densidade e distribuição vertical de peixes Pomacanthidae (Teleostei) na Ilha Escalvada, Guarapari – ES
Resumen
Comunidades de peixes recifais são encontradas em toda a costa brasileira nos recifes de corais e nos recifes rochosos. Vários estudos sugerem que a complexidade estrutural do hábitat, a disponibilidade de alimento e as variáveis ambientais (hidrodinamismo, temperatura) são fatores que estruturam a comunidade dos peixes recifais. Através da técnica de censos visuais sub-aquático (n= 52), o presente estudo teve como objetivo estimar a densidade de peixes recifais da família Pomacanthidae e estudar sua distribuição ao longo de um gradiente de profundidade no recife rochoso da Ilha Escalvada – ES. Os resultados revelaram que Holacanthus tricolor foi a espécie mais abundante (0,81 ± 0,02 indivíduos por 40m2 ), e Pomacanthus paru e Centropyge aurantonotus as espécies menos abundante, apresentando apenas um indivíduo de cada espécie em 2,080m2 . Quando comparado a densidade de peixes atual com os dados pretéritos de 2001 de Floeter et al. (2007), a densidade de Holacanthus ciliaris foi significantemente maior. Os resultados também evidenciaram que existe uma diferença na distribuição desses peixes entre as profundidades (P. paru p = 0,0149; H. ciliaris p = 0,0048; e H. tricolor p = 0,0006). Os juvenis de todas as espécies tiveram preferência em 10 metros de profundidade. A maior porcentagem de similaridade foi entre 10 e 15 metros de profundidade (85%). Os resultados do trabalho evidenciaram que a profundidade influencia na distribuição de peixes pomacantídeos na Ilha Escalvada.
Palabras clave:
Descargas
Citas
Aburto-Oropeza O, Sala E, Sánchez-Ortiz C (2000) Feeding behavior, habitat use, and abundance of the angelfish Holacanthus passer (Pomacanthidae) in the Southern Sea of Cortés. Environmental Biolog y of Fishes 57: 435-442.
Aburto-Oropeza O; Balart E F (2001) Community structure of reef fish in several habitats of a rocky reef in the Gulf of California. Marine Ecolog y 22: 283-305.
Andréa BR, Batista D, Sampaio CLS, Muricy G (2007) Spongivory by juvenile angelfish (Pomacanthidae) in Salvador, Bahia State, Brazil. Porifera research: biodiversity, innovation and sustainability. 1 ed. Rio de Janeiro: Museu Nacional, p.131-137.
Bellwood DR, Herwerden LV, Konow N(2004)Evolution and biogeography of marine angel fishes (Pisces: Pomacanthidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 33:140-155.
Brock VE (1954) A preliminary report on a method of stimating reef fish populations. Journal of Wildlife Management 18: 297-308.
Brotto DS, Araújo FG (2001) Habitat Selection by fish in an artificial reef in Ilha Grande Bay, Brazil. Brazilian Archives of Biolog y and Technolog y 44: 319-324.
Brotto DS, Krohling W, Zalmon IR (2006) Fish community modeling agents on an artificial reef on the Northern Coast of Rio de Janeiro - Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Oceanography 54: 205-212.
Chanas B, Pawlik JR (1995) Defenses of Caribbean sponges against predatory reef fish. II. Spicules, tissue toughness, and nutritional quality. Marine Ecolog y Progress Series 127: 195-211.
Chaves LCT (2006) Estrutura das comunidades de peixes recifais em três localidades no estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Dissertação de mestrado. Niterói: Universidade Federal Fluminense.
Charton JAG, Ruzafa AP (1998) Correlation between habitat structure and a rocky reef fish assemblage in the southwest Mediterranean. Marine ecolog y 19: 111-128.
Dominici-Arosemena A, Wolff M (2005) Reef Fish community structure in Bocas del Toro (Caribbean, Panama): gradients in habitat complexity and exposure. Caribbean Journal of Science 41: 613-637.
Ferreira CEL, Gonçalves JEA, Coutinho R (2001) Community structure of fishes and habitat complexity on a tropical rocky shore. Environmental Biolog y of Fishes 61: 353-369.
Ferreira CEL, Floeter SR, Gasparini JL, Ferreira BP, Joyeux JC (2004) Trophic structure patterns of Brazilian reef fishes: a latitudinal comparision. Journal of Biogeography 31: 1093-1106.
Floeter SR, Gasparini JL (2000) The southwestern Atlântic reef fish fauna: composition and zoogeographic patterns. Journal of Fish Biolog y 56: 1099-1114.
Floeter SR, Guimarães RZP, Rocha LA, Ferreira CEL, Rangel CA, Gasparini JL (2001) Geographic variation in reef-fish assemblages along the Brazilian coast. Global Ecolog y & Biogeography 10: 423-431.
Floeter SR, Ferreira CEL, Dominici-Arosemena A, Zalmon IR (2004) Latitudinal gradients in Atlantic reef fish communities: trophic structure and spatial use patterns. Journal of Fish Biolog y 64: 1680-1699.
Floeter SR, Krohling W, Gasparini JL, Ferreira CEL, Zalmon IR (2007) Reef fish community structure on coastal islands of the southeastern Brazil: the influence of exposure and benthic cover. Environmental Biolog y of Fishes 78: 147-160.
Gasparini JL, Floeter SR (2001) The shore fishes of Trindade Island, western South Atlantic. Journal of Natural History 35: 1639-1656.
Gasparini JL, Floeter SR, Ferreira CEL, Sazima I (2005) Marine ornamental trade in Brazil. Biodiversity and Conservation 14: 2883-2899.
Jeffrey ML (2002) Pacific coral-reef fishes: the implications of behaviour and ecology of larvae for biodiversity and conservation, and a reassessment of the open population paradigm. Environmental Biolog y of Fishes 65: 199-208.
Joyeux JC, Floeter SR, Ferreira CEL, Gasparini JL (2001) Biogeography of tropical reef fishes: the South Atlantic puzzle. Journal of Biogeography 28: 831-841.
Hill MS, Lopez NA, Young KA (2005) Anti-predator defenses in western North Atlantic sponges with evidence of enhanced defense through interactions between spicules and chemicals. Marine Ecolog y Progress Series 291: 93-102.
Hourigan TF, Stanton FG, Motta PJ, Kelley CD, Carlson B (1989) The feeding ecology of three species of Caribbean angelfishes (family Pomacanthidae). Environmental Biolog y of Fishes 24: 105-116.
Konow N, Bellwood DR (2005) Prey-capture in Pomacanthus semicirculatus (Teleostei, Pomacanthidae): functional implications of intramandibular joints in marine angelfishes. The Journal of Experimental Biolog y 208: 1421-1433.
Krebs CJ (1989) Ecological methodology. Harper & Row, Publisher, p.654.
Longenecker K (2007) Devil in the details: high-resolution dietary analysis contradicts a basic assumption of reef-fish diversity models. Copeia 2: 543-555.
Oigman-Pszczol SS, Figueiredo MAO, Creed JC (2004) Distribution of benthic communities on the tropical rocky subtidal of Armação dos Búzios, Southeastern Brazil. Marine Ecolog y 25: 173-190.
Pawlik JR, Chanas B, Toonen RJ, Fenical W (1995) Defenses of Caribbean sponges against predatory reef fish. I: chemical deterrency. Marine Ecolog y Progress Series 127: 183-194.
Randall JE, Hartman WD (1968) Sponge-feeding fishes of the West Indies. Marine Biolog y 1: 216-225.
Russel BC, Anderson GRV, Talbot F H (1978) Seasonality and recruitment of coral reef fishes. Australian Journal of Marine Freshwater Research 28: 521-528.
Sazima I, Moura RL, Sazima C (1999) Cleaning activity of juvenile angelfish, Pomacanthus paru, on the reefs of the Abrolhos Archipelago, western South Atlantic. Environmental Biolog y of Fishes 56: 399-407.
Wulff JL (2006) Rapid diversity and abundance decline in a Caribbean coral reef sponge community. Biological Conservation 127: 167-176.
Zar JH (2008) Biostatistical analysis. 5 ed. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall Press.
Cómo citar
Licencia
Esta licença permite que outros distribuam, remixem, adaptem e criem a partir do seu trabalho, mesmo para fins comerciais, desde que lhe atribuam o devido crédito pela criação original.
