Vertical density and distribution of Pomacanthidae (Teleostei) fishes in Escalvada Island, Guarapari, ES
Abstract
Reef fish communities are found throughout the Brazilian coast in coral and rocky reefs. Several studies suggest that the habitat structural complexity , food availability, and environmental variables (e.g. hydrodynamics, temperature) are factors that structure reef fish community. Through the technique of underwater visual census (n = 52), this study aimed to estimate the density of reef fish family Pomacanthidae and study their distribution along a depth gradient in the rocky reef of the Escalvada island - ES. The results revealed that Holacanthus tricolor was the most abundant species (0.81 ± 0.02 individuals per 40m2 ) Pomacanthus paru and Centropyge aurantonotus were the less abundant species, with only one individual of each at 2.080 m2 . When comparing the present fisch density of with a prvious inventory from 2001, by Floeter et al. (2007), the density of Holacanthus ciliaris was significantly higher than the previous one. The results also indicated that there was a significant difference in the distribution of fish between the depths (P. paru p = 0,0149; H. ciliaris p = 0,0048; and H. tricolor p = 0,0006). Juveniles of all species were preferentially found at 10 meters deep. The highest similarity percentage was between 10 and 15 meters deep (85%). These results indicated that the depth influences the distribution of fish pomacantide at Escalvada Island.
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