Hipóteses evolutivas sobre a origem e manutenção dos dormitórios comunais de Heliconius erato (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae)
Resumen
A borboleta Heliconius erato forma dormitórios comunais, os quais se constituem em agregações noturnas e circadianas formadas, geralmente, nos mesmos locais e compostas pelos mesmos indivíduos. Apesar desta espécie ser uma das mais bem conhecidas, especialmente no que se refere a aspectos genéticos, ecológicos e evolutivos, seu comportamento gregário ainda permanece não entendido, do ponto de vista adaptativo. Neste trabalho, são revisadas as principais hipóteses que explicam a construção e manutenção evolutivas de agregações. A adequação de cada uma destas hipóteses à formação dos dormitórios comunais de H. erato foi avaliada comparando–se suas premissas funcionais a aspectos biológicos básicos da espécie. Esta avaliação, ao mesmo tempo que permite a exclusão da maioria destas hipóteses, sugere que a explicação mais provável possa ser um misto de centro de informação e de minimização da predação, embora o pleno funcionamento desta (bem como a refutação das demais), em condições naturais, ainda depender de observações diretas e testes experimentais.
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