Effect of forest phytophysiognomy on leaf morphometry and habitat selection for morphospecies of Marantaceae family in an area of Atlantic Forest on Barreiras formation
Abstract
The Marantaceae family are herbaceous species that mainly occupy the understory of tropical and neotropical forests of low altitudes, ranging from small delicate species to larger and robust species. The Marantaceae family is found in abundance in different vegetation types of the Valley Nature Reserve (RNV) in Linhares-ES, where was carried out this study. Among these vegetation types, we can highlight the Mussununga, which has sandy soil and the Board Forest, with clay soils. The Marantaceae have characteristics that allow them easy to recognize, such as leaves with parallel veins and the presence of pulvinus. This study aimed to characterize the distribution of morphospecies Marantaceae the Board Woods, Transition and Mussununga, with the hypothesis that the distribution of morphospecies depends on the vegetation type. To analyze the distribution of plants were performed 18 transects of 30 meters each in the three vegetation types. Following the line of the transect, each plant sighted, a larger sheet was collected, and her various measures were taken. Morphological characteristics of the leaves as color, type of pulvinus and ribs were observed and recorded. 8 morphospecies were identified, three morphospecies (2, 3 and 4) found in all vegetation types sampled. Two morphospecies (1 and 7) occurred only in the Board Forest. Two morphospecies (6:08) were not found in Mussununga. One morphospecies (5) was the only one who did not present distribution in the Board Mata, but occurred in vegetation type Transition and Mussununga. The total abundance in the three vegetation types, Morphospecies 2, 4, 5, 6 and 8 were significantly correlated (p <0.05) for the analyzed vegetation types. Being the second most abundant morphospecies, with 95 individuals, followed by morphospecies 4, with 67 individuals. The 8 morphospecies found are grouped into three types, according to the classification provided by specialist LB: Calathea linharesana (morphospecies 2:05), Calathea vaginata (morphospecies 3) and composite Sarante (morphospecies 1, 4, 6, 7 and 8). The species C. linharesana and S. composite showed a significant difference in the distribution of individuals among the three strata (p <0.01). The average length of the leaves showed significant (p <0.005) compared to the three vegetation types studied, and the tray Mata leaves are longer than in the other two areas. The highest abundance found in the Board Mata can be explained by the characteristics of this environment (clay soil, closed canopy and higher humidity) that create a favorable location for growth and establishment of species of Marantaceae family.
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References
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