Plastic potential of Nectandra oppositifolia Nees. (Lauraceae) in Dense Ombrophilous Forest and sandbank
Abstract
The interaction of plants with different abiotic factors is seen as a precursor to structural or physiological adaptations. Plasticity is the primary means used by plants to deal with environmental heterogeneity. The complex response given by phenotypic plasticity is important from the ecological standpoint, since it allows plants to experiment distinct habitats, explore niches with more resources, and widen their possibilities of geographical distribution. This study assessed the plastic potential of species Nectandra oppositifolia Nees (Lauraceae) in two phytophysiognomies: tree restinga and highmontane dense ombrophilous forest. The following morphological variables of fully expanded leaves and exposed to the sun were analyzed: fresh and dry weight, leaf area and thickness, specific leaf area, and degree of succulence. Statistically significant differences were observed between all the variables studied, especially dry weight and leaf area, since the latter is bigger in forest than in restinga plants. The highest rates of plasticity were recorded for the plants of highmontane dense ombrophilous forest. It is suggested that these results are related to different conditions of soil nutrients and that the plastic responses observed in the populations sampled represent strategies allowing them to survive and develop when faced with environmental heterogeneity, thus widening their capacity to explore resources and expanding their geographical distribution.
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