Physicochemical and microbiological parameters of the monitored natural attenuation in contaminated areas with chlorinated solvents

Abstract

The occupation of the physical man generates environmental impact in soil and groundwater when associ-ated with the development of production and economic activities, resulting in increased demand for search techniques for environmental remediation. The allocation of technical and financial resources for development projects of this scope, both for ground and groundwater can come up with some complex cases, a few million “Reais“. So, methods of evaluating risk to human health, allied with remediation tech-nologies for high efficiency and low costs make up the most appropriate arrangement for environmental management of contaminated areas. Some physical, chemical or biological agents can facilitate the process of a remedial area, acting at reducing the contamination of environment and minimizing risks to human health and the environment. In this context, natural attenuation is clear and practical example, being widely used to the low cost of implementation. The associa-tion of natural attenuation with other remediation techniques such as bioremediation (use of micro-organisms), can be an effective measure to accelerate the biodegradation of con-taminants. The combination of these techniques requires an evaluation of the contaminants that are impacting the area beyond the isolation, identification and promotion of growth of the indigenous microbiota of the study area. Thus, several studies affirm the importance of metabolic characterization of indigenous microorganisms with potential biodegradable, being a decisive study of bioremediation strategies to be adopted. The study of remediation techniques will enable a more efficient process, reducing costs and minimizing environmental impacts.