Genotoxic investigation of aqueous extract of Rhizophora magle L. in Wistar rats
Abstract
The fabrication of the clay pot by the Association of pan makers from Goiabeiras (Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil) is a cultural heritage of the capixaba people. Research indicates that the aqueous extract from the bark of Rhizophora mangle L., used in step whipping, has a high concentration of polyphenols, mainly polymer and hydrolysable tannins. The assessment of genotoxic activity by the comet assay is necessary because it provides important information about the biological activity of the extract. In this aspect, rodents are used because they having similar genetic characteristics to humans. Thus, the study evaluated the genotoxicity of the aqueous extract using erythrocytes of Wistar rats by the comet assay. From the R. mangle`s extract were defined the doses: 70, 140 and 280mg/kg b.w. The treatment with the aqueous extract was made by gavage in female rats up to 15 days. After the treatment, blood was collected for the performance of the test. For the statistical analysis, was used ANOVA followed by Dunnett`s test (p <0.05). The results obtained with the comet assay showed no genotoxic effects. Suggesting, preliminarily, that the assessed extract does not damage the genetic material.
Keywords:
Downloads
References
Aerts TJ, Barry TN, McNabb WC. (1999) Polyphenols and agriculture: beneficial effects of proanthocyanidins in forages. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Enviroment 75:1-12.
Alberts B, Bray D, Johnson A, Lewis J, Raff M, Roberts K. (2002) Fundamentos da Biologia Celular. 2.ed. Porto Alegre, Editora Artmed.
Berenguer B, Sánchez LM, Quílez A, López-Barreiro M, de Haro O, Gálvez J, Martín MJ. (2006) Protective and antioxidant effects of Rhizophora mangle L. against NSAID – induced gastric ulcers. Journal Ethnopharmacolog y 103:194-200.
Burns GW, Bottino PJ. (1991) Genética. 6.ed. Rio de Janeiro: Editora Guanabara Koogan.
Collins AR, Ma AG, Duthie SJ. (1995) The kinetics of repair of oxidative DNA damage (strand breaks and oxidized pyrimidine) in human cells. Mutation Research 336: 69 – 77.
Collins A, Dusinska M, Franklin M. (1997) Comet assay in human biomonitoring studies: reliability, validation, and applications. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis 30:139–146.
Collins A. (2004) Comet assay for DNA damage and repair: principles, applications and limitations. Molecular Biotechnology.26:249–261.
Collins A, Oscoz A, Brunborg G, Gaivão I, Giovannelli L, Kruszewski M, Smith C, Stetina R. (2008) The Comet assay: topical issues. Mutagenesis 30:143-151.
Faria FM, Almeida ACA, Luiz-Ferreira A, Dunder RJ, Takayama C, Silva MS, Silva MA, Vilegas W, Rozza AL, Pellizzon CH, Toma W, Souza-Brito ARM. (2012) Mechanisms of action underlying the gastric antiulcer activity of the Rhizophora mangle L. Journal of Ethnopharmacolog y 139: 234-243.
Fernandez O, Capdevila JZ, Dalla G, Melchor G.(2002) Eficacy or Rhizophora mangle aqueous bark extract in the healing of pen surgical wounds. Fitoterapia 73: 564-568.
Harkness JE, Wagner JE. (1993) Biologia e Clínica de Coelhos e Roedores, 3.ed. São Paulo: Roca.
Haslam E. (1996) Natural polyphenols (vegetable tannins) as drogs and medicines: possible modes of action. Journal of Natural Products 59: 205-215.
Haslam E. (1998) Pratical Polyphenols – from structure to molecular recognition and physiological action. Cambrige, Cambrige University Press.
Kalantari H, Rezaei M, Salehcheh M, Moosavi M, Varnaseri G. (2013) Determination of the Mutagenicity Potential of Dillsun Herbal Medicine by Single Cell Gel Electrophoresis in Rat Hepatocytes. Jundishapur Journal of Natural Pharmaceutical Products 8: 55-59.
Kamman U, Bunke M, Steinhart H. (2001) A permanent fish cell line (EPC) for genotoxicity testing of marine sediments with the comet assay. Mutation Research 498: 61-77.
Kaniski AL. (2001) Uma Proposta Etnomatematica: o caso das paneleiras capixabas. Dissertação de Mestrado. Curso de Pós-Graduação em Educação – Centro de Educação. Vitória, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo.
Malini M, Marin-Morales M, Mantovani M, Jamal C, Nati N, Passos T, Matsumoto S. (2010) Determination of the antimutagenicity of an aqueous extract of Rhizophora mangle L. (Rhizophoraceae), using in vivo and in vitro test. Genetics and Molecular Biolog y 33: 176-181.
Malini M. (2011) Avaliação toxicogenética do extrato aquoso de Rhizophora mangle utilizando células de mamíferos em ensaios in vitro e in vivo. Dissertação de Mestrado. Curso de Pós Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular – Programa de Pós-graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular. Londrina, Universidade Estadual de Londrina.
Melchor G, Armenteros M, Fernández O, Linares E, Fragas I. (2001) Antibacterial activity of Rhizophora mangle bark. Fitoterapia 72: 689-691.
Moretti M, Cossignani L, Messina F, Dominici L, Villarini M, Curini M, Marcotullio MC. (2013) Antigenotoxic effect, composition and antioxidant activity of Dendrobium speciosum. Food Chemistry 140: 660-665.
Olfert ED, Cross BM, Mcwilliam AA (1993) Guide to the Care and Use of Experimental Animals. 2 ed. Ottawa, Canadian Council on Animal Care. Patra JK, Thatoi HN. (2011) Metabolic diversity and bioactivity screening of mangroves plantas: a review. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum 33:1051-1061.
Perera LMS, Ruedas D, Gómezm BC. (2001) Gastric antiulcer effect of Rhizophora mangle L. Journal Ethnopharmacolog y 77:1-3.
Perera LMS, Varcalcel L, Escobar A, Noa M. (2008) Polyphenol and Phytosterol Composition in Antibacterial Extract from Rhizophora mangle (L.) Bark. Journal of Herbal Pharmacotherapy 7: 107-128.
Perera LMS, Escobar A, Souccar C, Remigio MA, Mancebo B. (2010) Pharmacological and toxicological evaluation of Rhizophora mangle L., as a potential antiulcerogenic drug: Chemical composition of active extract. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy 2: 56-63.
Ribeiro LR, Salvadori DMF, Marques EK. (2003) Mutagênese Ambiental. Canoas, Editora da ULBRA.
Roig JT (1974) Plantas Medicinales, Aromáticas y Venenosas de Cuba. La Habana, Editorial Revolución y progreso.
Rothfuss A, O’donovan M, De Boeck M, Brault D, Czich A, Custer L, Hamada S, Plappert-Helbig U, Hayashi M, Howe J, Kraynak AR, Van Der Leede BJ, Nakajima M, Priestley C, Thybaud V, Saigo K, Sawant S, Shi., Storer R, Struwe M, Vock E, Galloway S (2010) Collaborative study on fifteen compounds in the rat-liver Comet assay integrated into 2- and 4-week repeat-dose studies. Mutation Research 702: 40-69.
Sánchez J, Melchor G, Martínez G, Escobar A, Faure R. (2006) Antioxidant activity of Rhizophora mangle bark. Fitoterapia 77: 141–143.
Sánchez J, Faure R, Martínez G, Veja E, Fernández O. (2009) Propiedades antioxidantes de Rhizophora mangle (L.) y su relación con el proceso de curación de heridas en ratas. Revista de Salud Animal 31: 170-175.
Sánchez JC, Garcia RF, Cors MTM. (2010) 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical and superoxide anion scavenging activity of Rhizophora mangle (L.) Bark. Pharmacognosy Research 2: 279-284.
Singh NP, Mccoy MT, Tice RR, Schneider EL. (1988) A simple technique for quantitation of low levels of DNA damage in individual cells. Experimental Cell Research 175:184-191.
Speit G, Hartmann A. (1999) The comet assay (single–cell gel test). Methods Molecular Biolog y 113: 203-212.
Tice R, Agurell E, Anderson D, Burlinson B, Hartmann A, Kobayashi H, Miyamae Y, Rojas E, Ryu JC, Sasaki YF. (2000) Single cell gel/comet assay: guidelines for in vitro and in vivo genetic toxicology testing. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis 35:206-221.
How to Cite
License
Esta licença permite que outros distribuam, remixem, adaptem e criem a partir do seu trabalho, mesmo para fins comerciais, desde que lhe atribuam o devido crédito pela criação original.
