Dois diferentes morfotipos de galhas de duas espécies diferentes de insetos galhadores em Protium icicariba, Burseraceae
Resumo
A indução de galhas em plantas é considerada a mais complexa associação na natureza, onde o ganho dos insetos consiste em redirecionar o crescimento e fisiologia de órgãos atacados, de modo a criar um ambiente favorável, que forneça alimento, abrigo e proteção para o desenvolvimento de suas larvas. Tanto alterações estruturais quanto químicas têm grande influência na manutenção do ciclo de vida dos galhadores. Assim, este trabalho tem o objetivo de dimensionar do ponto de vista estrutural e químico a constituição reacional da galha induzida por Cecidomyiidae e Psyllidae em Protium icicariba (DC) Marchand. A morfologia e a estrutura das galhas foi avaliada em microscopia estereoscópica e de luz transmitida. A presença de epiderme não cutinizada e as pontoações em paredes celulares lignificadas na galha de Cecidomyiidae, são os meios principais para a transferência de água e substâncias hidrosolúveis das células do parênquima fundamental, onde se localizam os feixes vasculares, para dentro da câmara larval favorecendo o acesso da larva à alimentação. Psyllidae evidenciou uma interação em que atua como um inseto sugador de fotoassimilados do floema durante o desenvolvimento de suas larvas e ninfas. A parede externa da galha e a parede interna da câmara larval composta em parte por esclerênquima, no tecido com galha induzida por Cecidomyiidae e Psyllidae em P. icicariba sugerem forte relação com a defesa mecânica contra os inimigos externos.
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